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}} |settlement_type = Municipality |total_type = Municipality |image_skyline = Chongqing montage newest 2013.png |image_caption = Clockwise from top: Jiefangbei CBD Skyline, The Temple of the White Emperor, E'gongyan Bridge, Qutang Gorge, and the ''Great Hall of the People''. |image_seal= |image_map = Chongqing in China (+all claims hatched).svg |map_caption = Location of Chongqing Municipality within China |coordinates_display = inline,title |coordinates_region = CN-50 |subdivision_type = Country |subdivision_name = |established_title = Settled |established_date = c. 316 BC |parts_type = Divisions - County-level - Township-level |parts = 21 districts, 17 counties 1259 towns, townships, and subdistricts |government_type = Municipality |leader_title = CPC Secretary |leader_name = Sun Zhengcai |leader_title1 = Mayor |leader_name1 = Huang Qifan |leader_title2 = Congress Chairman |leader_name2 = Zhang Xuan |leader_title3 = Conference Chairman |leader_name3 = Xu Jingye |area_total_km2 = 82403 |area_land_km2 = |area_water_km2 = |area_urban_km2 = 5472.8 |area_footnotes = 〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://english.mofcom.gov.cn/article/zt_business/lanmub/ )〕 |elevation_m = 237 |elevation_footnotes = |population_total = 29914000 |population_footnotes = |population_as_of = 2014 |population_density_km2 = auto |population_urban = 17830100 |population_metro_footnotes = (2010)〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=OECD Urban Policy Reviews: China 2015 )〕 |population_metro =17000000 |population_demonym = Chongqinger |timezone = China Standard |utc_offset = +8 |latd = 29 |latm = 33 |lats = 30 |latNS = N |longd = 106 |longm = 34 |longs = 00 |longEW = E |postal_code_type = Postal code |postal_code = 4000 00 - 4099 00 |area_code = 23 |blank_name = GDP |blank_info = 2014 |blank1_name = - Total |blank1_info = CNY 1.427 trillion US$ 232.22 billion (23rd) |blank2_name = - Per capita |blank2_info = CNY 48,233 US$ 7,852 (13th) |blank3_name = HDI (2010) |blank3_info = 0.689 (17th) — medium |blank4_name = Licence plate prefixes |blank4_info = A, B, C, F, G, H |blank5_name = ISO 3166-2 |blank5_info = CN-50 |blank6_name = City flower |blank6_info = Camellia |blank7_name = City tree |blank7_info = Ficus lacor |website = (CQ.gov.cn ) (English.CQ.gov.cn ) }} Chongqing (, ; formerly Chungking) is a major city in Southwest China and one of the five national central cities in China. Administratively, it is one of China's four direct-controlled municipalities (the other three are Beijing, Shanghai and Tianjin), and the only such municipality in inland China. The municipality was created on 14 March 1997, succeeding the sub-provincial city administration that was part of Sichuan Province. As of 2010 census, the municipality had a population of 28,846,170.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=重庆市2010年第六次全国人口普查主要数据公报 )〕 According to this census, Chongqing is the most populous Chinese municipality, although the urbanized area is estimated to have a population of only 6 or 7 million, whereas the built-up area made up of 8 out of 9 urban districts (''all but Beibei not yet built-up'') was home to 6,777,229 inhabitants at the 2010 census. Chongqing is the largest direct-controlled municipality in China, and comprises 21 districts, 13 counties, and 4 autonomous counties. The official abbreviation of the city, (Yú), was approved by the State Council on 18 April 1997. This abbreviation is derived from the old name of a part of the Jialing River that runs through Chongqing and feeds into the Yangtze River. Chongqing was also a municipality of the Republic of China (ROC) administration, serving as its wartime capital during the Second Sino-Japanese War (1937–1945). Chongqing has a significant history and culture and serves as the economic centre of the upstream Yangtze basin. It is a major manufacturing centre and transportation hub; a July 2012 report by the Economist Intelligence Unit described it as one of China's "13 emerging megacities". == History == Tradition associates Chongqing with the State of Ba. The Ba people supposedly established Chongqing during the Spring and Autumn period after moving from their first capital Yicheng () in Hubei under pressure from Chu. This new capital was first named Jiangzhou (). In 316 BC, however, the state of Ba was conquered by the State of Qin. Jiangzhou was subsequently renamed during the Southern and Northern Dynasties to Chu Prefecture (), then in 581 AD (Sui Dynasty) to Yu Prefecture (), and later in 1102 during Northern Song to Gong Prefecture ().〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Chongqing's History with the State of Ba )〕 The name Yu however survives to this day as an abbreviation for Chongqing, and the city centre where the old town stood is also called Yuzhong (Central Yu).〔 It received its current name in 1189, after Prince Zhao Dun of the Southern Song Dynasty described his crowning as king and then Emperor Guangzong as a "double celebration" (, or ''chongqing'' in short). In his honour, Yu Prefecture was therefore renamed Chongqing subprefecture marking the occasion of his enthronement. In 1362, (Yuan Dynasty), Ming Yuzhen, a peasant rebelling leader, established the Daxia Kingdom () at Chongqing for a short time. In 1621 (Ming Dynasty), another short-lived kingdom of Daliang () was established by She Chongming () with Chongqing as its capital. In 1644, after the fall of the Ming Dynasty to rebel army, Chongqing, together with the rest of Sichuan, was captured by Zhang Xianzhong, who was said to have massacred a large number of people in Sichuan and depopulated the province. The Manchus later conquered the province, and during the Qing Dynasty, immigration to Chongqing and Sichuan took place with the support of Qing emperor.〔http://www.chinasage.info/dynastyqing.htm The last Manchu dynasty〕 In 1890, the British Consulate General was opened in Chongqing. The following year, the city became the first inland commerce port open to foreigners. The French, German, US and Japanese consulates were opened in Chongqing in 1896-1904. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Chongqing」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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